Enhancing Student Engagement in Online Learning through a Peer-to-Peer Virtual Reality Application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46328/Keywords:
3D virtual classroom, Peer-to-peer learning, Student engagement, Immersive learningAbstract
This study addresses the challenges of reduced student engagement in online learning, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores the potential of a peer-to-peer learning application using virtual reality (VR) components to enhance student engagement in a Python programming course. The application was developed and tested with university students, focusing on usability, social presence, and learning performance. Usability testing revealed positive perceptions of the virtual classroom's realism, with a mean score of 36.47 out of 45 for realism. Participants also positively viewed the possibility to act and examine the virtual environment. There were concerns about the interface quality, with a mean score of 9.13 out of 15. Self-evaluation of performance was high, with a mean score of 10.33 out of 15. Sound quality was generally perceived positively, with a mean score of 16.07 out of 20. Learning performance showed significant improvement in both traditional (pre-test mean = 8.53, post-test mean = 12.07) and proposed VR learning groups (pre-test mean = 10.03, post-test mean = 15.50). The proposed VR learning method demonstrated a greater increase in knowledge (mean improvement = 5.47) compared to the traditional method (mean improvement = 3.53). Results indicated significant knowledge improvement and positive user feedback, suggesting that VR-based peer-to-peer learning can be a promising approach to improve student engagement in online settings.
References
Saleh, A.Y., Yong, W.A.C.Y., Othman, M.K., Barawi, M.H., & Aman, S. (2025). Enhancing student engagement in online learning through a peer-to-peer virtual reality application. International Journal on Studies in Education (IJonSE), 7(3), 585-616. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonse.1934
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal on Studies in Education

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Articles may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Authors alone are responsible for the contents of their articles. The journal owns the copyright of the articles. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of the research material.
The author(s) of a manuscript agree that if the manuscript is accepted for publication in the International Journal on Studies in Education (IJonSE), the published article will be copyrighted using a Creative Commons “Attribution 4.0 International” license. This license allows others to freely copy, distribute, and display the copyrighted work, and derivative works based upon it, under certain specified conditions.
Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission to include any images or artwork for which they do not hold copyright in their articles, or to adapt any such images or artwork for inclusion in their articles. The copyright holder must be made explicitly aware that the image(s) or artwork will be made freely available online as part of the article under a Creative Commons “Attribution 4.0 International” license.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.